The first and prototypical Wild West show was Buffalo Bill's, formed in 1883 and lasting until 1913. The word stunt was more formally adopted during the 19th-century travelling vaudeville performances of the early Wild West shows, in North America and Europe. This acrobatic discipline required long training in the ring and perfect body control to present a sensational performance to the public. Later, in the German and Dutch circus use of the word Kaskadeur, it meant performing a sequential series of daring leaps and jumps without injury to the performer. The origin of the original name, the French word cascadeur, derivates from cascade which is an archaic French term for "fall" (from French cascade, from Italian cascata, from cascare “to fall”). The earliest stunt performers were travelling entertainers and circus performers, particularly trained gymnasts and acrobats. Examples include Buster Keaton, Harry Houdini, Hong Kong action film stars Jackie Chan, Sammo Hung, Yuen Biao, and Moon Lee, Indian film actors Jayan, Akshay Kumar, Tiger Shroff, and Pawan Kalyan, Thai actor Tony Jaa, and Indonesian film actor Iko Uwais.Ĭircus performers doing an automobile stunt in Delorimier Stadium, Montreal, Canada, in 1946 Some people act as both stunt performers and daredevils at various parts of their career. The Jackass films and television series are well-known and prominent recorded examples of the act in modern cinematography. They also include motorcycle display teams and the once popular Wall of Death. Live stunt performers include escape artists, sword swallowers, glass walkers, fire eaters, trapeze artists, and many other sideshow and circus arts. Daredevils often perform for an audience. ĭaredevils are distinct from stunt performers and stunt doubles their performance is of the stunt itself, without the context of a film or television show. However, even when executed perfectly, there is still strain and performing stunts often results in unplanned injury to the body. This allows them to better break down and plan an action sequence, physically prepare themselves, and incorporate both the safety and risk factors in their performances. Current film and television stunt performers must be trained in a variety of disciplines, including martial arts and stage combat, and must be a certified trained member of a professional stunt performers organisation first in order to obtain the necessary insurance to perform on the stage or screen. įrom its inception as a professional skill in the early 1900s to the 1960s, stunts were most often performed by professionals who had trained in that discipline prior to entering the movie industry. Despite their well-choreographed appearance, stunts are still very dangerous and physically testing exercises. To reduce the risk of injury or death, most often stunts are choreographed or mechanically rigged so that, while they look dangerous, safety mechanisms are built into the performance. In live performances the audience can see more clearly if the performer is genuinely doing what they claim or appear to do. In filmed performances, visible safety mechanisms can be removed by editing. There is maximum risk when the stunts are performed in front of a live audience. There is an inherent risk in the performance of all stunt work. Stunts seen in films and television include car crashes, falls from great height, drags (for example, behind a horse), and explosions. When they take the place of another actor, they are known as stunt doubles.Ī stunt performer typically performs stunts intended for use in a film or dramatized television. Stunt performers usually appear in films or on television, as opposed to a daredevil, who performs for a live audience. Stunt double, stunt coordinator, actor, movie star, extraĪ stunt performer, often called a stuntman or stuntwoman and occasionally stuntperson or stunt-person, is a trained professional who performs daring acts, often as a career.
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